Having the Companion on your phone is the fastest way to debug.
To use the Companion, you need to open both sides of the connection:
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AI2 Project open, with popup from Connect->Companion showing, with 6 letter code and scannable code displayed
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Companion open on the phone, blue button pressed to open camera looking for the scan code
Regarding your emulator setup problems, that sounds like a Windows Home symptom.
There are alternative emulators and specific fixes at