You can can connect to only as many satellites 'simultaneously' as your device hardware has receiving channels. By the time you do this, if it is possible the 'time' recorded is already past. 
Yes this is possible. The LocationSensor provides an 'average' of the different coordinates provided (it requires a minimum of 4 satellites to do this). The LocationSensor does not provide the 'average' ephemeris time.
Here is a plot using Gins' ALS and a polar plot of the data:
It shows all the the satellites the gps receiver can hear simultaneously. The LocationSensor does not provide this information.
The question is, why do you want this time? The instant you obtain it, it is already stale.
GPS requires precise clocks to provide astounding positional accuracy. Atomic clocks in GPS satellites keep time to within three nanoseconds—three-billionths of a second. Position accuracy depends on the receiver.
You only need the time from a single NMEA string. 
The GPS timing signal from a single satellite is typically accurate to 10 nanoseconds .
More information>https://www.gps.gov/applications/timing/