Yes - the make-up of the paths. A URL can include characters that an Android path should not. I think you are currently "getting away with it" but any slight change to Android/App Inventor could break that.
I think that is unlikely but I see where your idea comes from. An easy way to prove it would be to give the 'assets' files a completely different and conspicuous image but using an identical filename to the downloaded ones. Note that a difference in file size does not matter at all.