If you want to use the activity starter, this is the way to go
You only can overwrite files, your app owns, see also Some basics on Android storage system
Also you first can check, if the file exists before overwriting
Use an extension to view the pdf directly from ASD, see the extensions directory App Inventor Extensions | Pura Vida Apps
You could copy the pdf always to the same target directory and use always the same filename
Taifun